Flow of hybrid nanofluid through Darcy-Forchheimer porous space with variable characteristics

This study develops numerical solution for Darcy-Forchheimer flow of hybrid nanofluid with velocity slip condition. Nonlinear thermal radiation and thermal stratification are also considered. Titanium dioxide and Aluminium oxide nanoparticles are considered for a comparative study. Flow is generated by a rotating disk. Porous space with variable porosity and permeability is characterized through Darcy-Forchheimer expression. Resulting systems of nonlinear equations are solved numerically by shooting technique. Numerical results are obtained to interpret the role of involved variables on physical quantities. It is observed that local heat transfer rate of Titanium dioxide nanofluid is higher when compared with hybrid nanofluid. Our results reveal that thermal radiation parameter augments the local Nusselt number. (C) 2021 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

This study presents a numerical solution for Darcy-Forchheimer flow of hybrid nanofluid with consideration of velocity slip condition, nonlinear thermal radiation, and thermal stratification. Numerical results reveal the local heat transfer rate of Titanium dioxide nanofluid is higher compared to hybrid nanofluid, and thermal radiation parameter enhances the local Nusselt number.