期刊
MICROORGANISMS
卷 9, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091989
关键词
fungus enzymes; mycoremediation; phthalates
类别
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 109-2311-B-031-001-, MOST 109-2313-B-031-001-]
The study shows that spent mushroom composts (SMCs) can effectively remove phthalates from the environment and urban wastewater through adsorption and biodegradation processes. Enzyme extracts from four edible mushrooms have been found to degrade phthalates such as benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP). Metaproteomic analysis using mass spectrometry revealed potential fungus enzymes associated with phthalate degradation in SMCs. These findings suggest that the application of SMCs for phthalate removal could be developed into a green and sustainable mycoremediation-based technology.
Spent mushroom composts (SMCs) are waste products of mushroom cultivation. The handling of large amounts of SMCs has become an important environmental issue. Phthalates are plasticizers which are widely distributed in the environment and urban wastewater, and cannot be effectively removed by conventional wastewater treatment methods. In this study, SMCs are tested for their ability to remove phthalates, including benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP). Batch experiments reveal that BBP, DBP, and DEP can be degraded by the SMC enzyme extracts of four edible mushrooms: Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus djamor, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Auricularia polytricha. Potential fungus enzymes associated with BBP, DBP, and DEP degradation in SMCs (i.e., esterases, oxygenases, and oxidases/dehydrogenases) are uncovered by metaproteomic analysis using mass spectrometry. Bioreactor experiments indicate that the direct application of SMCs can remove BBP, DBP, and DEP from wastewater, through adsorption and biodegradation. The results of this study extend the application of white-rot fungi without laccases (e.g., Auricularia sp.) for the removal of organic pollutants which are not degraded by laccases. The application of SMCs for phthalate removal can be developed into a mycoremediation-based green and sustainable technology.
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