期刊
GLIA
卷 64, 期 10, 页码 1628-1645出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/glia.22967
关键词
sodium channels; astrocytes; microglia; sodium-calcium exchanger; EAE; multiple sclerosis
资金
- NIH Medical Scientist Training Program Training [T32GM007205]
- Rehabilitation Research and Development Service and Medical Research Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs
Voltage-gated sodium channels are required for electrogenesis in excitable cells. Their activation, triggered by membrane depolarization, generates transient sodium currents that initiate action potentials in neurons, cardiac, and skeletal muscle cells. Cells that have not traditionally been considered to be excitable (nonexcitable cells), including glial cells, also express sodium channels in physiological conditions as well as in pathological conditions. These channels contribute to multiple functional roles that are seemingly unrelated to the generation of action potentials. Here, we discuss the dynamics of sodium channel expression in astrocytes and microglia, and review evidence for noncanonical roles in effector functions of these cells including phagocytosis, migration, proliferation, ionic homeostasis, and secretion of chemokines/cytokines. We also examine possible mechanisms by which sodium channels contribute to the activity of glial cells, with an eye toward therapeutic implications for central nervous system disease.
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