期刊
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.680301
关键词
astrocyte; synaptogenesis; neuron; human induced pluripotent stem cells; molecular signaling
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2020YFA0908200]
- Bioland Laboratory program [1102101207, 1101304101-8]
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- National Institutes of Health [P30CA014520]
Astrocytes play a crucial role in the central nervous system by dynamically communicating with neurons to regulate synaptic formation and maturation. Their heterogeneity allows them to boost synaptogenesis region-specifically. Future research may focus on utilizing organoids generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells to study the signaling pathways employed by astrocytes in synaptic development.
Astrocytes are the key component of the central nervous system (CNS), serving as pivotal regulators of neuronal synapse formation and maturation through their ability to dynamically and bidirectionally communicate with synapses throughout life. In the past 20 years, numerous astrocyte-derived molecules promoting synaptogenesis have been discovered. However, our understanding of the cell biological basis underlying intra-neuron processes and astrocyte-mediated synaptogenesis is still in its infancy. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the various ways astrocytes talk to neurons, and highlight astrocytes' heterogeneity that allow them to displays regional-specific capabilities in boosting synaptogenesis. Finally, we conclude with promises and future directions on how organoids generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) effectively address the signaling pathways astrocytes employ in synaptic development.
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