期刊
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
卷 10, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12125
关键词
Cancer; extracellular vesicles; intercellular communication; metastasis; organotropism
类别
资金
- Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs through the US Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program Prostate Cancer Research Program Idea Development Award [W81XWH-16-1-0736]
Distant organ metastasis, orchestrated by complex biological interactions, is a fundamental feature of malignant tumors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in mediating tumor-host cell interactions, controlling organ-specific infiltration, adaptation, and colonization at the secondary site.
Distant organ metastasis, often termed as organotropic metastasis or metastatic organotropism, is a fundamental feature of malignant tumours and accounts for most cancer-related mortalities. This process is orchestrated by many complex biological interactions and processes that are mediated by a combination of anatomical, genetic, pathophysiological and biochemical factors. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly being demonstrated as critical mediators of bi-directional tumour-host cell interactions, controlling organ-specific infiltration, adaptation and colonization at the secondary site. EVs govern organotropic metastasis by modulating the pre-metastatic microenvironment through upregulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression and immunosuppressive cytokine secretion, induction of phenotype-specific differentiation and recruitment of specific stromal cell types. This review discusses EV-mediated metastatic organotropism in visceral (brain, lung, liver, and lymph node) and skeletal (bone) metastasis, and discusses how the pre-metastatic education by EVs transforms the organ into a hospitable, tumour cell-friendly milieu that supports the growth of metastatic cells. Decoding the organ-specific traits of EVs and their functions in organotropic metastasis is essential in accelerating the clinical application of EVs in cancer management.
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