Phosphate bacterial solubilization: A key rhizosphere driving force enabling higher P use efficiency and crop productivity

Background: Increasing crop production to feed a growing population has driven the use of mineral fer-tilizers to ensure nutrients availability and fertility of agricultural soils. After nitrogen, phosphorus (P) is the second most important nutrient for plant growth and productivity. However, P availability in most agricultural soils is often limited because P strongly binds to soil particles and divalent cations forming insoluble P-complexes. Therefore, there is a constant need to sustainably improve soil P availability. This may include, among other strategies, the application of microbial resources specialized in P cycling, such as phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). This P-mediating bacterial component can improve soil biologi -cal fertility and crop production, and should be integrated in well-established formulations to enhance availability and efficiency in use of P. This is of importance to P fertilization, including both organic and mineral P such as rock phosphate (RP) aiming to improve its agronomic efficiency within an inte-grated crop nutrition system where agronomic profitability of P and PSB can synergistically occur. Aim of Review: The purpose of this review is to discuss critically the important contribution of PSB to crop P nutrition in concert with P fertilizers, with a specific focus on RP. We also highlight the need for PSB bioformulations being a sustainable approach to enhance P fertilizer use efficiency and crop production. Key Scientific Concepts of Review: We first recognize the important contribution of PSB to sustain crop

Automated summary

This review critically discusses the important contribution of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) to crop phosphorus (P) nutrition, with a focus on rock phosphate (RP). The need for sustainable PSB bioformulations to enhance P fertilizer use efficiency and crop production is highlighted.