期刊
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
卷 43, 期 12, 页码 6324-6331出版社
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2016GL069365
关键词
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资金
- Netherlands Earth System Science Centre (NESSC)
- Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW)
The presence of multiple stable states has far-reaching consequences for a system's susceptibility to disturbances, including the possibility of abrupt transitions between stable states. The occurrence of multiple stable states of vegetation is supported by ecological theory, models, and observations. Here we describe the occurrence of multiple stable states of tree cover in a global dynamic vegetation model and provide the first global picture on multiple stable states of tree cover due to a fire-vegetation feedback. The multiple stable states occur in the transition zones between grasslands and forests, mainly in Africa and Asia. By sensitivity simulations and simplifying the relevant model equations we show that the occurrence of multiple states is caused by the sensitivity of the fire disturbance rate to the presence of woody plant types.
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