4.6 Article

Mild Cognitive Impairment or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Older Adults? A Cross Sectional Study

期刊

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.737357

关键词

attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity; cognitive dysfunction; dementia; neuropsychology; cognitive aging

资金

  1. D'Or Institute for Research and Education
  2. Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa
  3. Rede D'Or Sao Luiz Hospital Network
  4. Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro
  5. Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior

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Older individuals with ADHD and MCI exhibit differences in cognitive and behavioral functions, but share overlapping cognitive profiles. Clinicians should be aware of these overlapping phenotypes to prevent misdiagnosis.
Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental condition, which may be associated with life-enduring cognitive dysfunction. It has been hypothesized that age-related cognitive decline may overlap with preexisting deficits in older ADHD patients, leading to increased problems to manage everyday-life activities. This phenomenon may mimic neurodegenerative disorders, in particular Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). This cross-sectional study aims to assess cognitive and behavioral differences between older subjects with ADHD and MCI. Methods: A total of 107 older participants (41 controls; 40 MCI and 26 ADHD; mean age = 67.60 +/- 7.50 years; mean schooling = 15.14 +/- 2.77 years; 65.4% females) underwent clinical, cognitive, and behavioral assessments by a multidisciplinary team at the Memory Clinic, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mean scores in neuropsychological tasks and behavioral scales were compared across groups. Results: Participants with ADHD showed poorer performances than controls in episodic memory and executive function with large effect-sizes. Performances were comparable between MCI and ADHD for all domains. Discussion: MCI and ADHD in older individuals are dissociated clinical entities with overlapping cognitive profiles. Clinicians ought to be aware of these converging phenotypes to avoid misdiagnosis.

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