期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.700374
关键词
immunometabolism; glycolysis; cytokine production and cytotoxicity; fatty acid oxidation (FAO); human invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT) cells
类别
资金
- NIH National Cancer Institute [NRSA F31 CA232468-01, U01 CA-232361-01A1]
- Team Connor Childhood Cancer Foundation
- Kate Amato Foundation
Human iNKT cells have distinct bioenergetic requirements compared to T-CONV, displaying a more oxidative metabolic program upon stimulation. These unique features could be leveraged in immunotherapeutic strategies to enhance efficacy and longevity of anti-tumor responses.
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells comprise a unique subset of lymphocytes that are primed for activation and possess innate NK-like functional features. Currently, iNKT cell-based immunotherapies remain in early clinical stages, and little is known about the ability of these cells to survive and retain effector functions within the solid tumor microenvironment (TME) long-term. In conventional T cells (T-CONV), cellular metabolism is linked to effector functions and their ability to adapt to the nutrient-poor TME. In contrast, the bioenergetic requirements of iNKT cells - particularly those of human iNKT cells - at baseline and upon stimulation are not well understood; neither is how these requirements affect effector functions such as production of cytokines and cytolytic proteins. We find that unlike T-CONV, human iNKT cells are not dependent upon glucose or glutamine for these effector functions upon stimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28. Additionally, transcriptional profiling revealed that stimulated human iNKT cells are less glycolytic than T-CONV and display higher expression of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway genes. Furthermore, stimulated iNKT cells displayed higher mitochondrial mass and membrane potential relative to T-CONV. Real-time Seahorse metabolic flux analysis revealed that stimulated human iNKT cells utilize fatty acids as substrates for oxidation more than stimulated T-CONV. Together, our data suggest that human iNKT cells possess different bioenergetic requirements from T-CONV and display a more oxidative metabolic program relative to effector T-CONV. Importantly, iNKT cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies could co-opt such unique features of iNKT cells to improve their efficacy and longevity of anti-tumor responses.
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