Adsorption Method for the Remediation of Brilliant Green Dye Using Halloysite Nanotube: Isotherm, Kinetic and Modeling Studies

The first-ever use of halloysite nanotube (HNT), a relatively low-cost nanomaterial abundantly available with minor toxicity for removing brilliant green dye from aqueous media, is reported. The factors affecting adsorption were studied by assessing the adsorption capacity, kinetics, and equilibrium thermodynamic properties. All the experiments were designed at a pH level of around 7. The Redlich-Peterson isotherm model fits best amongst the nine isotherm models studied. The kinetic studies data confirmed a pseudo model of the second order. Robotic investigations propose a rate-controlling advance being overwhelmed by intraparticle dispersion. The adsorbent features were interpreted using infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Process optimization was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) through a dual section Fractional Factorial Experimental Design to contemplate the impact of boundaries on the course of adsorption. The examination of fluctuation (ANOVA) was utilized to consider the joined impact of the boundaries. The possibilities of the use of dye adsorbing HNT (sludge) for the fabrication of the composites using plastic waste are suggested.

Automated summary

The study reported the first-ever use of halloysite nanotube (HNT) as a low-cost nanomaterial for removing brilliant green dye from aqueous media. The Redlich-Peterson isotherm model showed the best fit, with kinetic studies confirming a second-order pseudo model. Analysis using infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy was used to interpret the adsorbent features, and process optimization was carried out through a dual section Fractional Factorial Experimental Design. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to consider the combined impact of boundaries.