期刊
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
卷 50, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101608
关键词
Methanol production; Membrane carbon capture; CO2 utilization; Direct hydrogenation; Reforming; LCA
资金
- Program of Energy Research and Development (PERD) of Natural Resources Canada, under the Carbon Capture and Utilization activities of project Ecoefficient Processes for Deep Decarbonization of the Industrial Sector
The study compared various methanol production processes and evaluated three technologies for CO2 conversion to methanol. Results showed that the direct CO2 hydrogenation process has advantages in terms of thermal efficiency and environmental friendliness, but requires low-carbon electricity support.
The process design and life cycle assessment (LCA) of various methanol production processes, including the conventional natural gas reforming process and alternative CO2 utilization-based pathways, are performed in this work. Three main technologies are considered for the CO2 conversion to methanol: direct CO2 hydrogenation, dry reforming and tri-reforming of methane. For each pathway, a process simulation that includes the CO2 capture from typical flue gas of a cement kiln, the methanol synthesis and purification steps, is performed using the Aspen engineering suite. In addition, for each process, several heat integration measures are considered to maximize thermal efficiency. According to the simulation results, the thermal efficiency of the direct CO2 hydrogenation process (47.8 % LHV) is higher than the dry reforming (40.6 % LHV) while it is lower than the conventional (68.4 % LHV) and tri-reforming (57.9 % LHV) processes. The LCA results showed that the direct CO2 hydrogenation pathway is an environmentally friendly option, only when the electricity GHG intensity is lower than 0.17 kg CO2 equivalent per kWh of electricity. As a result, in the context of Canada, the CO2 hydrogenation options can be recommended only for the provinces where low-carbon electricity is available, such as Quebec, British Columbia, Manitoba and Ontario.
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