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Plant Autophagy: An Intricate Process Controlled by Various Signaling Pathways

期刊

FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.754982

关键词

autophagy; signaling; nutrient; stress; plant hormone

资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [31770290, 31970301]
  2. Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province [2019LZGC015]
  3. China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M612333]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Autophagy is a vital process in plant cells for degrading cellular material, regulated by developmental stages and environmental changes through signaling pathways. TOR kinase activity is a key regulator of autophagy initiation, which can be suppressed under nutrient starvation and stress conditions to promote autophagy.
Autophagy is a ubiquitous process used widely across plant cells to degrade cellular material and is an important regulator of plant growth and various environmental stress responses in plants. The initiation and dynamics of autophagy in plant cells are precisely controlled according to the developmental stage of the plant and changes in the environment, which are transduced into intracellular signaling pathways. These signaling pathways often regulate autophagy by mediating TOR (Target of Rapamycin) kinase activity, an important regulator of autophagy initiation; however, some also act via TOR-independent pathways. Under nutrient starvation, TOR activity is suppressed through glucose or ROS (reactive oxygen species) signaling, thereby promoting the initiation of autophagy. Under stresses, autophagy can be regulated by the regulatory networks connecting stresses, ROS and plant hormones, and in turn, autophagy regulates ROS levels and hormone signaling. This review focuses on the latest research progress in the mechanism of different external signals regulating autophagy.

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