期刊
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.711749
关键词
adenylyl cyclase; 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate; crypto-enzymes; multi-domain moonlighting enzymes; catalytic center; Arabidopsis thaliana; 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid 11,12 dioxygenase
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31850410470]
- Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [LQ19C130001]
- Universitas Copernicana Thoruniensis in Futuro-IDS Academia Copernicana [POWR.03.05.00-00-Z302/17]
An amino acid search motif based on annotated ACs identified 12 unique Arabidopsis thaliana candidate ACs, with some involved in ABA biosynthesis. The study suggests the existence of "crypto-ACs" as low-activity ACs within multi-domain moonlighting proteins, potentially linking cAMP to ABA synthesis within complex plant proteins.
Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) and their catalytic product cAMP are regulatory components of many plant responses. Here, we show that an amino acid search motif based on annotated adenylate cyclases (ACs) identifies 12 unique Arabidopsis thaliana candidate ACs, four of which have a role in the biosynthesis of the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA). One of these, the 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED3 and At3g14440), was identified by sequence and structural analysis as a putative AC and then tested experimentally with two different methods. Given that the in vitro activity is low (fmoles cAMP pmol(-1) protein min(-1)), but highly reproducible, we term the enzyme a crypto-AC. Our results are consistent with a role for ACs with low activities in multi-domain moonlighting proteins that have at least one other distinct molecular function, such as catalysis or ion channel activation. We propose that crypto-ACs be examined from the perspective that considers their low activities as an innate feature of regulatory ACs embedded within multi-domain moonlighting proteins. It is therefore conceivable that crypto-ACs form integral components of complex plant proteins participating in intra-molecular regulatory mechanisms, and in this case, potentially linking cAMP to ABA synthesis.
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