期刊
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
卷 11, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.732925
关键词
Aedes aegypti; Strigomonas culicis; dual oxidase; catalase; reactive oxygen species; fecundity; fertility
资金
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [001]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
- Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
Aedes aegypti mosquitoes can be infected by the trypanosomatid Strigomonas culicis, with the hydrogen peroxide-resistant strain having a greater infectiousness. Infection with both strains affects the oxidative environment in the mosquitoes' midgut, impacting reproductive fitness and immune-related gene expression.
Aedes aegypti mosquitoes transmit arboviruses of important global health impact, and their intestinal microbiota can influence vector competence by stimulating the innate immune system. Midgut epithelial cells also produce toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dual oxidases (DUOXs) that are essential players in insect immunity. Strigomonas culicis is a monoxenous trypanosomatid that naturally inhabits mosquitoes; it hosts an endosymbiotic bacterium that completes essential biosynthetic pathways of the parasite and influences its oxidative metabolism. Our group previously showed that S. culicis hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-resistant (WTR) strain is more infectious to A. aegypti mosquitoes than the wild-type (WT) strain. Here, we investigated the influence of both strains on the midgut oxidative environment and the effect of infection on mosquito fitness and immunity. WT stimulated the production of superoxide by mitochondrial metabolism of midgut epithelial cells after 4 days post-infection, while WTR exacerbated H2O2 production mediated by increased DUOX activity and impairment of antioxidant system. The infection with both strains also disrupted the fecundity and fertility of the females, with a greater impact on reproductive fitness of WTR-infected mosquitoes. The presence of these parasites induced specific transcriptional modulation of immune-related genes, such as attacin and defensin A during WTR infection (11.8-and 6.4-fold, respectively) and defensin C in WT infection (7.1-fold). Thus, we propose that A. aegypti oxidative response starts in early infection time and does not afect the survival of the H2O2-resistant strain, which has a more efficient antioxidant system. Our data provide new biological aspects of A. aegypti-S. culicis relationship that can be used later in alternative vector control strategies.
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