期刊
WATER
卷 13, 期 16, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/w13162298
关键词
water pollution; wastewater reuse; nutrient; nature-based solution; willow
资金
- Karelia CBC program
- European Union
- Russian Federation
- Republic of Finland
- project entitled Reaching congenial region through the valorization of municipal and industrial wastewaters and sludge [KA4020]
- Niemi Foundation [20190036]
The study showed that willow trees grown with processed wastewater irrigation had significantly increased growth and biomass production, as well as improved capability to uptake nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. Compared to the control group, willow trees under wastewater irrigation demonstrated a higher survival rate.
In many Baltic regions, short-rotation willow (Salix spp.) is used as a vegetation filter for wastewater treatment and recycling of valuable nutrients to upsurge bioeconomy development. In this context, a four-year field trial (2016-2019) was carried out near a wastewater treatment plant in eastern Finland (Outokumpu) to investigate the effect of the processed wastewater (WW) on biomass production as well as the nutrients uptake capability (mainly N and P) by a willow variety (Salix schwerinii). Results indicated that WW irrigation expressively increased the willow diameter growth and biomass yield around 256% and 6510%, respectively, compared to the control treatment site (without WW). The willow was also able to accumulate approximately 41-60% of the N and 32-50% of the P in two years (2018-2019). Overall, willow showed a total 20% mortality rate under WW irrigation throughout the growing periods (2017-2019) as compared to control (39%). The results demonstrate that willow has the potential to control eutrophication (reducing nutrients load) from the wastewater with the best survival rate and can provide high biomass production for bioenergy generations in cold climatic conditions.
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