Sparse Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Hyperspectral Unmixing Based on Endmember Independence and Spatial Weighted Abundance

Hyperspectral image unmixing is an important task for remote sensing image processing. It aims at decomposing the mixed pixel of the image to identify a set of constituent materials called endmembers and to obtain their proportions named abundances. Recently, number of algorithms based on sparse nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) have been widely used in hyperspectral unmixing with good performance. However, these sparse NMF algorithms only consider the correlation characteristics of abundance and usually just take the Euclidean structure of data into account, which can make the extracted endmembers become inaccurate. Therefore, with the aim of addressing this problem, we present a sparse NMF algorithm based on endmember independence and spatial weighted abundance in this paper. Firstly, it is assumed that the extracted endmembers should be independent from each other. Thus, by utilizing the autocorrelation matrix of endmembers, the constraint based on endmember independence is to be constructed in the model. In addition, two spatial weights for abundance by neighborhood pixels and correlation coefficient are proposed to make the estimated abundance smoother so as to further explore the underlying structure of hyperspectral data. The proposed algorithm not only considers the relevant characteristics of endmembers and abundances simultaneously, but also makes full use of the spatial-spectral information in the image, achieving a more desired unmixing performance. The experiment results on several data sets further verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Automated summary

In this paper, a sparse NMF algorithm based on endmember independence and spatial weighted abundance is proposed to address the issue of inaccurate endmember extraction in hyperspectral unmixing. The algorithm considers both the relevant characteristics of endmembers and abundances simultaneously, and makes full use of the spatial-spectral information in the image, achieving a more desired unmixing performance.