期刊
FORESTS
卷 12, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/f12081136
关键词
urban park; forest; cooling effect; spatial analysis; LST; temperate continental climate; Wroclaw; Poland
类别
资金
- Department of Geodesy and Geoinformatics, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This study analyzed the cooling effects of four urban parks in the city of Wroclaw using Landsat 8 data, demonstrating the role of parks in mitigating the urban heat island effect through various metrics and spatial statistics. The results provide new insights into the regulation of urban temperature in a medium-sized city with a continental climate.
Urban parks have been known to form park cooling islands (PCI), which can effectively alleviate the effect of urban heat islands (UHI) in cities. This paper presents results obtained for four different size parks in the city of Wroclaw, which is located in a temperate continental climate. The number of publications for urban areas located in this type of climate and cities is low compared to sites in hot and humid areas. Land surface temperature (LST) maps were developed from Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) data acquired during three hottest weather periods between 2017 and 2019. Metrics and spatial statistics characterising the four parks selected for the analysis based on their size were calculated. These included: perimeter, area, landscape shape index (LSI) and P-LC (forest area) park metrics, and Park Cooling Area (PCA), Park Cooling Efficiency (PCE), Park Cooling Gradient (PCG), Park Cooling Island (PCI) and Extended Park Cooling Island (PCIe) spatial indexes. The averaged PCIe values ranged from 2.0 to 3.6 degrees C, PCI from 1.9 to 3.6 degrees C, PCG from 0.7 to 2.2 degrees C, PCE from 5.3 to 11.5, and PCA from 78.8 to 691.8 ha depending on the park. The cooling distance varied from 110 m to 925 m depending on park size, forest area and land use type in the park's vicinity. The study provides new insight into urban park cooling effects in a medium sized city located in a temperate continental climate, and the role of parks in regulation of urban temperature to mitigate the UHI effect.
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