期刊
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
卷 11, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97932-x
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资金
- National Centre for Research and Development [LIDER/32/0116/L-9/17/NCBR/2018]
The study shows that controlling nitrogen doping levels and specific surface areas of carbon can lead to high electrochemical capacitance. Nitrogen functional groups have an impact on pseudocapacitance, with graphite-N/quaternary-N being the most important functional group affecting energy storage performance.
In this work, nitrogen-doped porous carbons obtained from chitosan, gelatine, and green algae were investigated in their role as supercapacitor electrodes. The effects of three factors on electrochemical performance have been studied-of the specific surface area, functional groups, and a porous structure. Varying nitrogen contents (from 5.46 to 10.08 wt.%) and specific surface areas (from 532 to 1095 m(2) g(-1)) were obtained by modifying the carbon precursor and the carbonization temperature. Doping nitrogen into carbon at a level of 5.74-7.09 wt.% appears to be the optimum for obtaining high electrochemical capacitance. The obtained carbons exhibited high capacitance (231 F g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1)) and cycle durability in a 0.2 mol L-1 K2SO4 electrolyte. Capacitance retention was equal to 91% at 5 A g(-1) after 10,000 chronopotentiometry cycles. An analysis of electrochemical behaviour reveals the influence that nitrogen functional groups have on pseudocapacitance. While quaternary-N and pyrrolic-N nitrogen groups have an enhancing effect, due to the presence of a positive charge and thus improved electron transfer at high current loads, the most important functional group affecting energy storage performance is graphite-N/quaternary-N. The study points out that the search for the most favourable organic precursors is as important as the process of converting precursors to carbon-based electrode materials.
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