Ultrasensitive and label free electrochemical immunosensor for detection of ROR1 as an oncofetal biomarker using gold nanoparticles assisted LDH/rGO nanocomposite

In the present article, we developed a highly sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on NiFe-layered double hydroxides (LDH)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/gold nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR)-1. In this electrochemical immunoassay platform, NiFe-LDH/rGO was used due to great electron mobility, high specific surface area and flexible structures, while Au nanoparticles were prepared and coated on the modified electrodes to improve the detection sensitivity and ROR1 antibody immobilizing (ROR1Ab). The modification procedure was approved by using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry based on the response of peak current to the step by step modifications. Under optimum conditions, the experimental results showed that the immunosensor revealed a sensitive response to ROR1 in the range of 0.01-1 pg mL(-1), and with a lower limit of quantification of 10 attogram/mL (10 ag mL(-1)). Furthermore, the designed immunosensor was applied for the analysis of ROR1 in several serum samples of chronic lymphocytic leukemia suffering patients with acceptable results, and it also exhibited good selectivity, reproducibility and stability.

Automated summary

A highly sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on NiFe-LDH/rGO/Au nanoparticles modified electrode was developed for the determination of ROR1, showing a sensitive response in the range of 0.01-1 pg mL(-1) and a lower limit of quantification of 10 ag mL(-1). The sensor exhibited good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability in the analysis of ROR1 in serum samples, providing acceptable results for chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients.