期刊
GENE
卷 575, 期 2, 页码 377-384出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.08.067
关键词
Exosome; miRNA; Targeted gene therapy; Phage display; Cardiovascular disease; Genetic engineering
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC: 30,870,903]
Exosomes are 30-120 nm membrane bound vesicles secreted naturally by almost all cells and exist in all body fluids. Accumulating evidence has shown that exosomes contain proteins, lipids, DNA, mRNA, miRNA, and IncRNA that can be transferred from producer cells to recipient cells, facilitating cell-cell communication. As the natural carrier of these signal molecules, exosomes possess many other properties such as stability, biocompatibility, biological barrier permeability, low toxicity, and low immunogenicity, which make them an attractive vehicle for therapeutic delivery. How exosomes target recipient cells in vivo remains largely unknown, however, exosomes are selectively enriched in some transmembrane proteins that can be genetically engineered to display ligands/homing peptides on their surface, which confers exosome targeting capability to cells bearing cognate receptors. With the discovery of many peptides homing to diseased tissues or organs through phage display and in vivo biopanning technologies, there is ample opportunity to explore the potential use of exosome for targeted gene therapy. Here, we briefly review exosome biogenesis, mechanisms of exosome-mediated cell-cell communication, and exosome isolation and purification methods, and specifically focus on the emerging exosome targeting technologies. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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