Acute kidney injury in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients receiving sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: A nationwide cohort study

The present retrospective study aimed to identify factors associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. We identified 171,622 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; among them, 476 (0.3%) patients developed acute kidney injury. The hazard ratio for acute kidney injury occurrence risk was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for patient characteristics at baseline and use of concomitant agents. In the adjusted model, patients who developed acute kidney injury were mostly men, aged >= 65 years, had lower body mass index, had a history of heart failure and used diuretics more frequently than those who did not. These findings suggest that associated clinical risk factors should be thoroughly evaluated before administering sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors to minimize acute kidney injury onset.

Automated summary

This retrospective study in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes found that factors associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury after treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors included being male, older age, lower body mass index, history of heart failure, and more frequent use of diuretics. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating clinical risk factors before prescribing sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors to prevent acute kidney injury.