Synthesis, X-ray crystal structures and anticancer studies of four Pd(II) dithiocarbamate complexes

Bis(piperidinyldithiocarbamato)palladium(II) ([Pd(Pipdtc)(2)]), bis(1-phenylpiperazinyldi thiocarbamato)palladium(II) [Pd(1-PhPzdtc)(2)], bis(phenyldithiocarbamato)palladium(II) ([Pd (Phdtc)(2)]) and bis(4-benzylpiperidinyl)palladium(II) ([Pd(4-BenzPipdtc)(2)]) were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Molecular structures of the Pd(II) complexes revealed square planar PdS4 geometry in which each Pd(II) is coordinated to two chelating dithiocarbamato anions. [Pd(Pipdtc)(2)] and [Pd(1-PhPzdtc)(2)] crystallized in monoclinic P2(1/c) space group while [Pd(Phdtc)(2)] and [Pd(4-BenzPipdtc)(2)] crystallized in triclinic P-1 space group. Cytotoxic studies of the dithiocarbamate ligands and corresponding Pd (II) dithiocarbamate complexes were tested against three human cell lines: Cervical cancer, breast adenocarcinoma, and epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma at four different concentrations. All the compounds displayed high to moderate potency against the cell lines. [Pd(Pipdtc)(2)] and [Pd (Phdtc)(2)] are very potent against the three cell lines and are more active than the corresponding dithiocarbamate ligands whereas the anticancer potency of 1-PhPzdtc-Na and 4-BenzPipdtc-Na are generally higher than the corresponding Pd(II) complexes. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.

Automated summary

The study synthesized and characterized four palladium complexes with high to moderate potency against human cell lines. Two of the complexes were very effective against the three cell lines, while the other two had slightly lower anticancer efficacy.