Transparent Power-Generating Windows Based on Solar-Thermal-Electric Conversion

Integrating transparent solar-harvesting systems into windows can provide renewable on-site energy supply without altering building aesthetics or imposing further design constraints. Transparent photovoltaics have shown great potential, but the increased transparency comes at the expense of reduced power-conversion efficiency. Here, a new technology that overcomes this limitation by combining solar-thermal-electric conversion with a material's wavelength-selective absorption is presented. A wavelength-selective film consisting of Cs0.33WO3 and resin facilitates high visible-light transmittance (up to 88%) and outstanding ultraviolet and infrared absorbance, thereby converting absorbed light into heat without sacrificing transparency. A prototype that couples the film with thermoelectric power generation produces an extraordinary output voltage of approximate to 4 V within an area of 0.01 m(2) exposed to sunshine. Further optimization design and experimental verification demonstrate high conversion efficiency comparable to state-of-the-art transparent photovoltaics, enriching the library of on-site energy-saving and transparent power generation.

Automated summary

The technology presented combines solar-thermal-electric conversion with wavelength-selective absorption to overcome the limitations of reduced power-conversion efficiency in transparent photovoltaics. By using a wavelength-selective film of Cs0.33WO3 and resin, it achieves high visible-light transmittance and outstanding ultraviolet and infrared absorbance, producing heat without sacrificing transparency. The prototype, coupled with thermoelectric power generation, demonstrates high conversion efficiency comparable to state-of-the-art transparent photovoltaics, enriching the library of on-site energy-saving and transparent power generation.