Dysregulated expression of miRNAs in immune thrombocytopenia

In recent years the critical role of miRNAs has been established in many diseases, including autoimmune disorders. Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) is a predominant autoimmune disease, in which aberrant expression of miRNAs has been observed, suggesting that miRNAs are involved in its development. miRNAs could induce an imbalance in the T helper (Th)1/Th2 cell and Th17/Treg cell-related responses. Moreover, they could also cause alterations in Th9 and Th22 cell responses, and activate Tfh (T follicular helper) cell-dependent auto-reactive B cells, thus influencing megakaryogenesis. Herein, we summarize the role of immune-related miRNAs in ITP pathogenesis, and look forward to clinical applications. Lay abstract Clarification of the role of miRNAs in development of immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP; a disorder that can lead to excessive bruising and bleeding) can provide new insights in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. The clinical applications of miRNAs and miRNA-based drugs are on the horizon. In addition to the involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of ITP, miRNAs may be also considered as biomarkers for ITP, providing more accurate information on prognosis, staging and response to treatment.

Automated summary

miRNAs play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ITP by influencing T cell responses and B cell activation, suggesting potential clinical applications. They may serve as biomarkers for ITP, providing more accurate information on prognosis and treatment outcomes.