期刊
COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN BIOLOGY
卷 13, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a040725
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资金
- Swiss National Science Foundation [31003_169930, 310030_189122]
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3)
- Galliot laboratory
- Canton of Geneva
- Claraz Donation
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [310030_189122] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
Hydra regeneration requires conditions such as adult stem cells, autophagy, and reactive oxygen species signals. Injury triggers immediate production of ROS signals and complex regulatory loops to promote regeneration. Regenerative capacity of Hydra diminishes rapidly with age due to unfavorable homeostatic conditions.
Here we discuss the developmental and homeostatic conditions necessary for Hydra regeneration. Hydra is characterized by populations of adult stem cells paused in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, ready to respond to injury signals. The body column can be compared to a blastema-like structure, populated with multifunctional epithelial stem cells that show low sensitivity to proapoptotic signals, and high inducibility of autophagy that promotes resistance to stress and starvation. Intact Hydra polyps also exhibit a dynamic patterning along the oral-aboral axis under the control of homeostatic organizers whose activity results from regulatory loops between activators and inhibitors. As in bilaterians, injury triggers the immediate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals that promote wound healing and contribute to the reactivation of developmental programs via cell death and the de novo formation of new organizing centers from somatic tissues. In aging Hydra, regeneration is rapidly lost as homeostatic conditions are no longer pro-regenerative.
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