期刊
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
卷 15, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.711564
关键词
AMPA receptor; calcium-permeable AMPA receptor; excitotoxicity; neurological disorders; GluA2 subunit
资金
- NIH [R01AG072897, R21NS108128, R01AA025784]
- National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
- Indiana Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Fund from the Indiana State Department of Health
Excitotoxicity is a key mechanism of cell loss in various diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. In addition to the previously established pathways, CP-AMPAR-mediated excitotoxicity is identified in multiple disease models. Specific manipulation of CP-AMPARs may be a more effective strategy to delay pathological changes with fewer side effects compared to blocking NMDARs.
Excitotoxicity is one of the primary mechanisms of cell loss in a variety of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Other than the previously established signaling pathways of excitotoxicity, which depend on the excessive release of glutamate from axon terminals or over-activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs), Ca2+ influx-triggered excitotoxicity through Ca2+-permeable (CP)-AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is detected in multiple disease models. In this review, both acute brain insults (e.g., brain trauma or spinal cord injury, ischemia) and chronic neurological disorders, including Epilepsy/Seizures, Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic pain, and glaucoma, are discussed regarding the CP-AMPAR-mediated excitotoxicity. Considering the low expression or absence of CP-AMPARs in most cells, specific manipulation of the CP-AMPARs might be a more plausible strategy to delay the onset and progression of pathological alterations with fewer side effects than blocking NMDARs.
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