期刊
VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 13, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13061019
关键词
oncolytic parvovirus H-1PV; innate immunity; interferon; ISG; HERV; pancreatic cancer
类别
资金
- Heidelberger Stiftung Chirurgie
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [GI-802/1]
Despite entering clinical trials, predicting the therapeutic success of oncolytic parvovirus H-1PV remains challenging. Research found that in pancreatic cancer cell lines, H-1PV caused a late global shutdown of innate immunity by co-regulatively inhibiting human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). The growth-inhibitory effect of H-1PV did not correlate with absolute ISG levels but with the power of suppression.
Although the oncolytic parvovirus H-1PV has entered clinical trials, predicting therapeutic success remains challenging. We investigated whether the antiviral state in tumor cells determines the parvoviral oncolytic efficacy. The interferon/interferon-stimulated genes (IFN/ISG)-circuit and its major configurator, human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), were evaluated using qRT-PCR, ELISA, Western blot, and RNA-Seq techniques. In pancreatic cancer cell lines, H-1PV caused a late global shutdown of innate immunity, whereby the concomitant inhibition of HERVs and IFN/ISGs was co-regulatory rather than causative. The growth-inhibitory IC50 doses correlated with the power of suppression but not with absolute ISG levels. Moreover, H-1PV was not sensitive to exogenous IFN despite upregulated antiviral ISGs. Such resistance questioned the biological necessity of the oncotropic ISG-shutdown, which instead might represent a surrogate marker for personalized oncolytic efficacy. The disabled antiviral homeostasis may modify the activity of other viruses, as demonstrated by the reemergence of endogenous AluY-retrotransposons. This way of suppression may compromise the interferogenicity of drugs having gemcitabine-like mechanisms of action. This shortcoming in immunogenic cell death induction is however amendable by immune cells which release IFN in response to H-1PV.
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