期刊
VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 13, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13081490
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; PBMC; COVID-19 convalescents; T-cell memory; T-helper long-lived immunity
类别
资金
- Russian Science Foundation [21-75-30003]
- Russian Science Foundation [21-75-30003] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
Stimulation of immune cells with live SARS-CoV-2 revealed a decline in effector memory CD8(+) T cells but not CD4(+) T cells after recovery from COVID-19. These findings are crucial for understanding the development and persistence of cellular immune responses after natural infection.
Background: New coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, has been circulating among humans since November 2019. Multiple studies have assessed the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of virus-specific immunity in COVID-19 convalescents, however, some aspects of the development of memory T-cell responses after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection remain uncovered. Methods: In most of published studies T-cell immunity to the new coronavirus is assessed using peptides corresponding to SARS-CoV-1 or SARS-CoV-2 T-cell epitopes, or with peptide pools covering various parts of the viral proteins. Here, we determined the level of CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory T-cell responses in COVID-19 convalescents by stimulating PBMCs collected 1 to 6 months after recovery with sucrose gradient-purified live SARS-CoV-2. IFN gamma production by the central and effector memory helper and cytotoxic T cells was assessed by intracellular cytokine staining assay and flow cytometry. Results: Stimulation of PBMCs with live SARS-CoV-2 revealed IFN gamma-producing T-helper effector memory cells with CD4(+)CD45RA(-)CCR7(-) phenotype, which persisted in circulation for up to 6 month after COVID-19. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN gamma-secreting cytotoxic effector memory T cells were found at significant levels only shortly after the disease, but rapidly decreased over time. Conclusion: The stimulation of immune cells with live SARS-CoV-2 revealed a rapid decline in the pool of effector memory CD8(+), but not CD4(+), T cells after recovery from COVID-19. These data provide additional information on the development and persistence of cellular immune responses after natural infection, and can inform further development of T cell-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
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