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Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica A. Plante et al.
Summary: The D614G substitution in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enhances viral replication and infectivity in human lung epithelial cells, primary airway tissues, and hamsters. This variant may increase transmission in the upper respiratory tract and doesn't seem to significantly reduce vaccine efficacy. Further research on therapeutic antibodies targeting the circulating G614 virus is recommended.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kathy Leung et al.
Summary: Two new lineages of SARS-CoV-2 with the N501Y mutation in the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein have spread rapidly in the United Kingdom. The 501Y lineage without amino acid deletion Delta 69/Delta 70 was estimated to be 10% more transmissible than the 501N lineage, while the 501Y lineage with amino acid deletion Delta 69/Delta 70 was estimated to be 75% more transmissible than the 501N lineage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bryan A. Johnson et al.
Summary: The genetic mutation in SARS-CoV-2 resulted in better fitness in some cells but lower replication capacity in human respiratory cell lines. Despite reducing disease symptoms, the Delta PRRA mutant provided protection against rechallenge with the wildtype SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tyler N. Starr et al.
Summary: Research has found that mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 may potentially escape the action of the REGN-COV2 cocktail, providing important information for interpreting mutations observed during viral surveillance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhiqiang Ku et al.
Summary: Antibody cocktails are a promising approach to prevent SARS-CoV-2 escape, with a combination of antibodies CoV2-06 and CoV2-14 identified as effective in preventing viral escape and providing protection in mice, offering new insights for treating COVID-19.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cong Xu et al.
Summary: The recent global health emergency caused by SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is mediated by the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike glycoprotein and the human ACE2 receptor. The SARS-CoV-2 S trimer is more sensitive to ACE2 receptor compared to SARS-CoV S trimer, potentially contributing to its superior infectivity. Research findings depict the mechanism of ACE2-induced conformational transitions in S trimer structure, aiding in the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapeutics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emma C. Thomson et al.
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 virus can mutate and evade immunity, with mutations like N439K conferring resistance against neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and enhancing binding affinity to hACE2 receptor. Despite similar in vitro replication fitness and clinical outcomes compared to wild type, N439K mutation highlights the importance of ongoing molecular surveillance for guiding vaccine and therapeutic development and usage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran et al.
Summary: New variants of SARS-CoV-2 show high resistance to vaccine neutralization, with some able to escape vaccine responses with just a few mutations, highlighting the importance of developing broadly protective measures against variants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daming Zhou et al.
Summary: The race to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1, is ongoing as these variants have mutations in the spike protein, potentially leading to immune escape. A structure-function analysis of B.1.351 revealed tighter ACE2 binding and widespread evasion from monoclonal antibody neutralization, particularly driven by the E484K mutation.
Article
Microbiology
Gabriele Cerutti et al.
Summary: Structural analysis revealed that seven potent NTD-directed neutralizing antibodies target a common surface on NTD, forming a single supersite different from the recognition pattern of RBD-directed antibodies.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rafael Bayarri-Olmos et al.
Summary: A new variant discovered in minks has shown enhanced transmission capacity but does not affect immunity in previously infected individuals or vaccine models. The rise in frequency of this variant in mink farms may be due to a fitness advantage conferred by receptor adaptation rather than evading immune responses.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bin Zhou et al.
Summary: Research has shown that the D614G substitution in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 leads to increased binding and replication potential in humans, as well as significantly higher replication and transmissibility in different animal models, providing an explanation for the global prevalence of this variant in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dami A. Collier et al.
Summary: The B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 exhibited reduced neutralization by vaccines and antibodies from recovered COVID-19 patients, with a more substantial loss seen when introducing the E484K mutation. This mutation poses a threat to the efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Houriiyah Tegally et al.
Summary: The article describes a newly emerged lineage of SARS-CoV-2, 501Y.V2, characterized by eight mutations in the spike protein, which may result in increased transmissibility or immune escape. This lineage originated in South Africa and quickly became dominant in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, and KwaZuluNatal provinces within weeks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pengfei Wang et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global repercussions, with promising vaccines and monoclonal antibody therapies. However, newly detected variants of SARS-CoV-2 present challenges to these treatment options.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven A. Kemp et al.
Summary: Chronic infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to viral evolution and increased resistance to neutralizing antibodies in immunosuppressed individuals treated with convalescent plasma. During convalescent plasma therapy, there were significant shifts in the viral population structure and sensitivity, suggesting strong selection pressure on the virus during treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuping Xie et al.
Summary: The study found that human sera from recipients of the BNT162b2 vaccine can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 viruses containing key spike mutations from the newly emerged UK and SA variants.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas G. Davies et al.
Summary: A new variant of SARS-CoV-2 has emerged in England, with a higher reproduction number and potential for large resurgences of COVID-19 cases. Without stringent control measures, it is projected that COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in England for the first 6 months of 2021 will exceed those in 2020. The variant has spread globally and exhibited similar transmission increases in Denmark, Switzerland, and the United States.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katrina A. Lythgoe et al.
Summary: The study found that SARS-CoV-2 infections in clinical samples in the UK are characterized by low levels of within-host diversity and a narrow bottleneck at transmission. Most variants are either lost or occasionally fixed at the point of transmission, with shared diversity not persisting.
Article
Microbiology
Katarina M. Braun et al.
Summary: The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in mammalian hosts is influenced by genetic variation and selection mechanisms. Using domestic cats as a model, it was found that within-host genetic variation is mainly driven by genetic drift and purifying selection, with transmission involving a narrow bottleneck. A notable variant in Spike (H655Y) was identified, showing rapid emergence and transmission, possibly under positive selection, underscoring the importance of continued genomic surveillance for emerging adaptations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gennady M. Verkhivker et al.
Summary: This study identified key residues within the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that play crucial roles in binding with ACE2 host receptor, and demonstrated their impact on long-range communication in complexes through allosteric interactions. The research suggests that mutational variants and antibody-escaping mutations tend to target structurally plastic and energetically adaptable centers to modulate interactions within the complexes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew McCallum et al.
Summary: The study identifies 41 human monoclonal antibodies that recognize the N-terminal domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and exhibit strong neutralizing activity. These antibodies inhibit cell-to-cell fusion, activate effector functions, and protect animals from virus challenge, highlighting the importance of NTD-specific neutralizing antibodies for protective immunity and vaccine development. Several SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations in the NTD supersite suggest ongoing selective pressure on the virus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xianding Deng et al.
Summary: A new SARS-CoV-2 variant named B.1.427/B.1.429 was identified in California, with increased transmissibility and carrying three mutations in spike protein, including L452R substitution. The variant emerged in May 2020 and became predominant in sequenced cases from September 2020 to January 2021. In vivo viral shedding was increased and antibody neutralization decreased, calling for further investigation.
Letter
Cell Biology
Haolin Liu et al.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pierre-Edouard Fournier et al.
Summary: In Marseille, France, a second wave of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic occurred from June, with the Marseille-4 variant being the major cause, carrying 13 hallmark mutations including one affecting the receptor binding domain of the spike protein. This variant has caused 2106 infections since September 2020 and is associated with a higher proportion of hypoxemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Dan Frampton et al.
Summary: This study describes the emergence of the B.1.1.7 variant of concern, its virological characteristics, and clinical severity in patients. Increased viral load was found in B.1.1.7 infection, but no association with severe disease was identified in the hospitalized cohort.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas G. Davies et al.
Summary: Studies have shown that the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 lineage is more transmissible and may cause more severe illness compared to pre-existing variants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Delphine Planas et al.
Summary: The ability of convalescent sera from individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 and those vaccinated with BNT162b2 to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants B1.1.7 and B.1.351 decreases, but increases after two vaccine doses. The study found that the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants may have acquired partial resistance to neutralizing antibodies generated by natural infection or vaccination, particularly in individuals with low antibody levels. This suggests that the B.1.351 variant may pose a greater risk of infection in immunized individuals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Zhang et al.
Summary: Substitution of aspartic acid (D) with glycine (G) at position 614 in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 enhances viral spread. Cryo-electron microscopy structures reveal that the G614 strain has increased infectivity compared to the D614 strain. These findings provide insights for vaccine development and understanding viral entry mechanisms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nuno R. Faria et al.
Summary: A new variant of concern, P.1, with 17 mutations including three spike protein mutations associated with increased binding to human ACE2 receptors, emerged in Manaus, Brazil between November 2020 and January 2021. Molecular analysis suggests P.1 may be 1.7- to 2.4-fold more transmissible and that previous infection may provide 54 to 79% protection against P.1 infection compared to other lineages. Enhanced global genomic surveillance of such variants is crucial for pandemic response.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samira M. Hamed et al.
Summary: The global spread of COVID-19 has led to increased interest in studying the genomic variations of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. Analysis of metadata from over 400,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomes revealed differences in distribution of genomic clades based on geographic locations, age groups, and genders. Over time, there has been an expansion of clades with D614G mutations, with the newest clade GV becoming predominant in the last three months. These findings highlight the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and its impact on infectivity, virulence, and mortality.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Thomas P. Peacock et al.
Summary: Efficient transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among infected ferrets is dependent on a functional furin cleavage site in the spike protein. The virus has a selective advantage in lung cells and primary human airway epithelial cells due to a polybasic insertion, but replication may be impaired in certain cell lines.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Immunology
Shuai Xia et al.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
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Medicine, General & Internal
Roujian Lu et al.
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Fan Wu et al.
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peng Zhou et al.
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Daniel Wrapp et al.
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Markus Hoffmann et al.
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Biology
Yinon M. Bar-On et al.
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Lan et al.
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bette Korber et al.
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Microbiology
Daniele Mercatelli et al.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
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Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
I. Olaposi Omotuyi et al.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY
(2020)
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feria Hikmet et al.
MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
(2020)
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonid Yurkovetskiy et al.
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Immunology
Fengyu Hu et al.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alina Baum et al.
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongjing Gu et al.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandra C. Walls et al.
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victoria A. Avanzato et al.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Bina Choi et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2020)
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ahmed Elaswad et al.
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Biology
Yiska Weisblum et al.
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Immunology
Siu-Ying Lau et al.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2020)
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher R. Reynolds et al.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2018)
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Biochemical Research Methods
Lawrence A. Kelley et al.
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Biochemical Research Methods
Aleksey Porollo et al.
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
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