4.6 Article

Evolutionary Relationships of Ljungan Virus Variants Circulating in Multi-Host Systems across Europe

期刊

VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 13, 期 7, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13071317

关键词

Picornaviridae; Parechovirus B; Ljungan virus isolates; small mammals; rodent-borne virus; zoonosis; bank vole

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资金

  1. European Union [FP7-261504]
  2. Sigrid Juselius Foundation
  3. Fondazione E. Mach
  4. VINNOVA-Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems [P32060-1]
  5. Swedish Research Council Formas [221-2012-1562]
  6. National Environmental andWildlife Monitoring and Assessment program (FoMA)
  7. Federal Environment Agency (UBA) within the Environment Research Plan of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU)
  8. Stiftelsen Oscar och Lili Lamms minne

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The study analyzed the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity of 'Ljungan virus' variants circulating in small mammal populations in Europe. Results showed that LV evolution is rapid, influenced by various factors, and LV variants in different regions may exhibit host specificity.
The picornavirus named 'Ljungan virus' (LV, species Parechovirus B) has been detected in a dozen small mammal species from across Europe, but detailed information on its genetic diversity and host specificity is lacking. Here, we analyze the evolutionary relationships of LV variants circulating in free-living mammal populations by comparing the phylogenetics of the VP1 region (encoding the capsid protein and associated with LV serotype) and the 3D(pol) region (encoding the RNA polymerase) from 24 LV RNA-positive animals and a fragment of the 5 ' untranslated region (UTR) sequence (used for defining strains) in sympatric small mammals. We define three new VP1 genotypes: two in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) (genotype 8 from Finland, Sweden, France, and Italy, and genotype 9 from France and Italy) and one in field voles (Microtus arvalis) (genotype 7 from Finland). There are several other indications that LV variants are host-specific, at least in parts of their range. Our results suggest that LV evolution is rapid, ongoing and affected by genetic drift, purifying selection, spillover and host evolutionary history. Although recent studies suggest that LV does not have zoonotic potential, its widespread geographical and host distribution in natural populations of well-characterized small mammals could make it useful as a model for studying RNA virus evolution and transmission.

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