期刊
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
卷 27, 期 24, 页码 3556-3567出版社
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i24.3556
关键词
Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis C virus; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Epidemiology; Vaccination; Surveillance
资金
- European-Latin American ESCALON Consortium - EU Horizon 2020 Program [825510]
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program
- H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [825510] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
Chronic infections caused by hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses are major contributors to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Effective measures to reduce the burden of viral hepatitis-related HCC include universal vaccination against hepatitis B, identification and treatment of infected individuals, and surveillance of high-risk groups for early detection of tumors.
Chronic infections due to hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses are responsible for most cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide, and this association is likely to remain during the next decade. Moreover, viral hepatitis-related HCC imposes an important burden on public health in terms of disability-adjusted life years. In order to reduce such a burden, some major challenges must be faced. Universal vaccination against hepatitis B virus, especially in the neonatal period, is probably the most relevant primary preventive measure against the development of HCC. Moreover, considering the large adult population already infected with hepatitis B and C viruses, it is also imperative to identify these individuals to ensure their access to treatment. Both hepatitis B and C currently have highly effective therapies, which are able to diminish the risk of development of liver cancer. Finally, it is essential for individuals at high-risk of HCC to be included in surveillance programs, so that tumors are detected at an early stage. Patients with hepatitis B or C and advanced liver fibrosis or cirrhosis benefit from being followed in a surveillance program. As hepatitis B virus is oncogenic and capable of leading to liver cancer even in individuals with early stages of liver fibrosis, other high-risk groups of patients with hepatitis B are also candidates for surveillance. Considerable effort is required concerning these strategies in order to decrease the incidence and the mortality of viral hepatitis-related HCC.
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