期刊
SEMINARS IN FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
卷 26, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2021.101279
关键词
Electroencephalogram; Neonate; Neonatal encephalopathy; Neonatal seizures; Anti-Seizure medication; Hypothermia treatment
类别
Neonatal encephalopathy is the most common cause of acute neonatal seizures, which should be identified through continuous EEG monitoring. The treatment goal is to minimize seizure burden and reduce the risk of brain injury.
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is the most common etiology of acute neonatal seizures - about half of neonates treated with therapeutic hypothermia for NE have EEG-confirmed seizures. These seizures are best identified with continuous EEG monitoring, as clinical diagnosis leads to under-diagnosis of subclinical seizures and overtreatment of events that are not seizures. High seizure burden, especially status epilepticus, is thought to augment brain injury. Treatment, therefore, is aimed at minimizing seizure burden. Phenobarbital remains the mainstay of treatment, as it is more effective than levetiracetam and easier to administer than fosphenytoin. Emerging evidence suggests that, for many neonates, it is safe to discontinue the phenobarbital after acute seizures resolve and prior to hospital discharge.
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