期刊
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
卷 13, 期 596, 页码 -出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay8416
关键词
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资金
- AFM-Telethon [21545]
- Ministero della Salute [GR-2011-02351814, RF-2016-02363024]
- European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases [19-118]
- Fondazione regionale per la ricerca biomedicale [CP2_10/2018]
- TELETHON [GGP17009]
- Italian Ministry for Universities and Research (MIUR) under the Departments of Excellence Initiative
- Fondazione Umberto Veronesi
- Telethon-Italy grant [GGP17192]
- Italian Ministry of Health [RF 2016-02364503]
This study identified the important role of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in muscular dystrophies (MDs), where HMGB1 oxidation is a detrimental process. Treatment with a non-oxidizable variant of HMGB1 improves the phenotype of MDs.
Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a group of genetic diseases characterized by progressive muscle wasting associated to oxidative stress and persistent inflammation. It is essential to deepen our knowledge on the mechanism connecting these two processes because current treatments for MDs have limited efficacy and/or are associated with side effects. Here, we identified the alarmin high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) as a functional link between oxidative stress and inflammation in MDs. The oxidation of HMGB1 cysteines switches its extracellular activities from the orchestration of tissue regeneration to the exacerbation of inflammation. Extracellular HMGB1 is present at high amount and undergoes oxidation in patients with MDs and in mouse models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 3 (LGMDR3) compared to controls. Genetic ablation of HMGB1 in muscles of DMD mice leads to an amelioration of the dystrophic phenotype as evidenced by the reduced inflammation and muscle degeneration, indicating that HMGB1 oxidation is a detrimental process in MDs. Pharmacological treatment with an engineered nonoxidizable variant of HMGB1, called 3S, improves functional performance, muscle regeneration, and satellite cell engraftment in dystrophic mice while reducing inflammation and fibrosis. Overall, our data demonstrate that the balance between HMGB1 redox isoforms dictates whether skeletal muscle is in an inflamed or regenerating state, and that the nonoxidizable form of HMGB1 is a possible therapeutic approach to counteract the progression of the dystrophic phenotype. Rebalancing the HMGB1 redox isoforms may also be a therapeutic strategy for other disorders characterized by chronic oxidative stress and inflammation.
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