Generalized hydrodynamics in strongly interacting 1D Bose gases

The dynamics of strongly interacting many-body quantum systems are notoriously complex and difficult to simulate. A recently proposed theory called generalized hydrodynamics (GHD) promises to efficiently accomplish such simulations for nearly integrable systems. We test GHD with bundles of ultracold one-dimensional (1D) Bose gases by performing large trap quenches in both the strong and intermediate coupling regimes. We find that theory and experiment agree well over dozens of trap oscillations, for average dimensionless coupling strengths that range from 0.3 to 9.3. Our results show that GHD can accurately describe the quantum dynamics of a 1D nearly integrable experimental system even when particle numbers are low and density changes are large and fast.

Automated summary

The theory of generalized hydrodynamics (GHD) shows promise in efficiently simulating nearly integrable systems, as demonstrated in experiments with ultracold 1D Bose gases. The results indicate that GHD can accurately describe the quantum dynamics of such systems, even with low particle numbers and rapid density changes.