Effect of metal foam with two-dimensional porosity gradient on melting behavior in a rectangular cavity

The thermal performance of the latent heat thermal energy storage unit (LHTESU) can be effectively promoted by metal foam. In the present work, a new structure of metal foam with a two-dimensional porosity gradient (MFTDPG) is proposed to further accelerate the melting process inside the rectan-gular cavity. The MFTDPG is obtained by placing the metal foam with small porosity near the left wall and the bottom wall. With consideration of natural convection, the melting behavior under different parameters is numerically analyzed, including the direction of the porosity gradient, the temperature of the left wall, and the aspect ratio of the rectangular cavity. The results show that the structure of metal foam with vertical porosity gradient (MFVPG) and horizontal porosity gradient (MFHPG) can reduce the total melting time by 7.65% and 3.37% respectively. The MFTDPG can shorten the total melting time by 12.07% compared with the structure with uniform porosity. Furthermore, the MFTDPG can achieve the shortest melting time and the maximum thermal energy storage rate (TESR) with different wall tem-peratures and aspect ratios. For example, when the aspect ratio is 2.5, the total melting time of MFTDPG is reduced by 24.35%, and TESR is increased by 25.88%. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

A new structure of metal foam with a two-dimensional porosity gradient (MFTDPG) is proposed to enhance the thermal performance of the latent heat thermal energy storage unit. Numerical analysis shows that metal foam structures with vertical and horizontal porosity gradients can reduce total melting time, with MFTDPG achieving the shortest melting time and maximum thermal energy storage rate under different conditions.