期刊
出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2100145118
关键词
bacterial motion; near-field hydrodynamics; low Reynolds number fluid
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11974038, 11672029, U1930402, 11904320]
This work presents an effective model for near-field hydrodynamic interactions, validated numerically, which has a significant impact on the dynamics of bacterium-sphere pairs and can efficiently simulate active fluids systems.
Near-field hydrodynamic interactions in active fluids are essential to determine many important emergent behaviors observed, but have not been successfully modeled so far. In this work, we propose an effective model capturing the essence of the nearfield hydrodynamic interactions through a tensorial coefficient of resistance, validated numerically by a pedagogic model system consisting of an Escherichia coli bacterium and a passive sphere. In a critical test case that studies the scattering angle of the bacterium-sphere pair dynamics, we prove that the nearfield hydrodynamics can make a qualitative difference even for this simple two-body system: Calculations based on the proposed model reveal a region in parameter space where the bacterium is trapped by the passive sphere, a phenomenon that is regularly observed in experiments but cannot be explained by any existing model. In the end, we demonstrate that our model also leads to efficient simulation of active fluids with tens of thousands of bacteria, sufficiently large for investigations of many emergent behaviors.
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