Epicatechin treatment generates resilience to chronic mild stress-induced depression in a murine model

Several studies have proposed that cocoa products-enriched in flavonoids reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms. (-)-Epicatechin (Epi), a flavonoid present in high concentration in cocoa, has been associated with many dark chocolate effects and has been postulated as an exercise mimetic. Physical exercise is used as an adjuvant treatment for many depressive patients. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Epi on resilience in depression-like behavior in a murine model. Male mice were randomly selected and divided into four groups (n = 8/group). Beginning at the age of 8-9 weeks, the mice were subjected to Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) and/or treatment Epi for five weeks. Epi was administered by oral gavage twice daily/5 weeks. The control group was housed in conditions without stress and Epi treatment. Depressive behavior was evaluated by sucrose preference and open field tests. Interestingly, Epi reduced anhedonia and anxiogenic behavior in the murine stress model. These results suggest that Epi induces resilience to stress-induced depression. Furthermore, our findings propose that muscles respond to Epi treatment according to their type of metabolism and that kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs) could play a role in modulating this response.

Automated summary

Studies suggest that flavonoid-rich cocoa products, such as (-)-Epicatechin (Epi), can reduce anxiety and depression symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Epi on resilience to depression-like behavior in a murine model, finding that Epi could induce resilience to stress-induced depression in mice. Additionally, the study proposes that muscle response to Epi treatment may be influenced by metabolism type and kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs) could play a role in modulating this response.