Origin and growth of primordial black holes

Building on the insight that primordial black holes can arise from the formation and subsequent gravitational collapse of bound states of stable supermassive elementary particles during the early radiation era, we offer a comprehensive picture describing the evolution and growth of the resulting mini-black holes through both the radiation and matter dominated phases, until the onset of (small scale) inhomogeneities. This is achieved by means of an exact metric solving Einstein's equations throughout both phases. We show that, thanks to a special enhancement effect producing an effective horizon above the actual event horizon, this process can explain the observed mass values of the earliest giant black holes. Unlike other proposals, it also predicts a lower limit on the mass of supermassive black holes. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.

Automated summary

Building on the insight that primordial black holes can arise from the formation and subsequent gravitational collapse of bound states of stable supermassive elementary particles during the early radiation era, the study offers a comprehensive picture describing the evolution and growth of the resulting mini-black holes through both the radiation and matter dominated phases. By solving Einstein's equations throughout both phases, the research shows that this process explains the observed mass values of the earliest giant black holes and predicts a lower limit on the mass of supermassive black holes.