Mobility driven coexistence of living organisms

We propose a minimal off-lattice model of living organisms where just a very few dynamical rules of growth are assumed. The stable coexistence of many clusters is detected when we replace the global restriction rule by a locally applied one. A rich variety of evolving patterns is revealed where players movement has a decisive role on the evolutionary outcome. For example, intensive individual mobility may jeopardize the survival of the population, but if we increase players movement further then it can save the population. Notably, the collective drive of population members is capable to compensate the negative consequence of intensive movement and keeps the system alive. When the drive becomes biased then the resulting unidirectional flow alters the stable pattern and produce a stripe-like state instead of the previously observed hexagonal arrangement of clusters. Interestingly, the rotation of stripes can be flipped if the individual movement exceeds a threshold value. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The model proposes a minimal off-lattice model of living organisms with few dynamical rules of growth, and reveals a rich variety of evolving patterns where player movement plays a decisive role. The collective drive of population members can compensate the negative consequences of intensive movement, and biased drive can alter the stable pattern, producing stripe-like states instead of hexagonal arrangements.