A review on the development of optical limiters from homogeneous to reflective 1-D photonic crystal structures

The optical limiting behavior of numerous nonlinear materials has been reviewed. Explicit examination of nonlinear mechanisms such as multiphoton absorption, nonlinear absorption, nonlinear scattering and their peculiar implementation in optical devices using nonlinear materials as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, semiconductors, graphene, and carbon black suspensions have been performed. Reflection-based optical limiters are especially emphasized for their self-protecting optical limiting over a broad transmission bandwidth. A comparative study of limiting parameters of several nonlinear materials is also included.

Automated summary

The optical limiting behavior of various nonlinear materials, including carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, semiconductors, graphene, and carbon black suspensions, have been reviewed. The study emphasized the reflection-based optical limiters for their self-protecting optical limiting over a broad transmission bandwidth, and also compared the limiting parameters of several nonlinear materials.