期刊
OCEAN ENGINEERING
卷 234, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109243
关键词
Tsunami; Earthquake; Pacific ocean; Alaska; Aleutian subduction zone; Numerical simulations
资金
- Royal Society (the United Kingdom) [CHL\R1\180173]
The July 2020 tsunami in Alaska exhibited very long period waves (51-64 min) and a small coastal amplitude (-0.5 m), likely attributed to the deep focal depth of the earthquake and the extremely shallow water around the source region.
The July 2020 Mw7.8 Alaska tsunamigenic earthquake was a fresh call for potential large tsunamis associated with the Aleutian subduction zone. The second largest ever-recorded earthquake worldwide (Mw 9.2) occurred in this zone in 1964 indicating its massive earthquake and tsunami risk. Our analysis of the July 2020 tsunami revealed that it involves very long period waves (51-64 min) which is unusual for an Mw7.8 earthquake. The tsunami coastal amplitude was small (-0.5 m) which is much smaller than that usually expected from a tsunamigenic earthquake of this size. Here, through numerical simulations and spectral analyses, we explain the ultra-long period and small amplitude waves of the tsunami. Our analysis using an analytical equation showed that the ultra-long period of the tsunami (51-64 min) can be reproduced using the shallow water depth around the source region (100-200 m) and the length of the coseismic deformation area (-100 km). By comparing the coastal amplitude of this event with four other similar-size and similar-mechanism earthquakes (thrust Mw7.8), we attribute the relatively small coastal amplitude of this tsunami to the deep focal depth of the earthquake (28 km) and the extremely shallow water around the source region.
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