Collision-avoidance navigation systems for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: A state of the art survey

The rapid development of artificial intelligence significantly promotes collision-avoidance navigation of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS), which in turn provides prominent services in maritime environments and enlarges the opportunity for coordinated and interconnected operations. Clearly, full autonomy of the collisionavoidance navigation for the MASS in complex environments still faces huge challenges and highly requires persistent innovations. First, we survey relevant guidance of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and industry code of each country on MASS. Then, major advances in MASS industry R&D, and collision-avoidance navigation technologies, are thoroughly overviewed, from academic to industrial sides. Moreover, compositions of collision-avoidance navigation, brain-inspired cognitive navigation, and e-navigation technologies are analyzed to clarify the mechanism and principles efficiently systematically in typical maritime environments, whereby trends in maritime collision-avoidance navigation systems are highlighted. Finally, considering a general study of existing collision avoidance and action planning technologies, it is pointed out that collision-free navigation would significantly benefit the integration of MASS autonomy in various maritime scenarios.

Automated summary

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has significantly improved collision-avoidance navigation for maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS), enhancing services in maritime environments and expanding coordinated operations. However, achieving full autonomy for MASS collision-avoidance navigation in complex environments poses great challenges and necessitates ongoing innovations.