Three-dimensional analysis of entropy generation for forced convection over an inclined step with presence of solid nanoparticles and magnetic force

In this work, the interaction impacts of solid nanoparticles and magnetic force on the entropy generation rates for three-dimensional forced convection over an inclined step in the presence of Brownian movement are examined. To achieve this goal, analysis of the thermodynamics second law is used. The working fluids in this three-dimensional problem are the Al2O3-H2O and CuO-H2O nanofluids. To consider the impact of Brownian movement on the effective properties of these both nanofluids, the Koo-Kleinstreuer-Li (KKL) correlation is applied. Impacts of magnetic force (Ha=0-100) and nanoparticles concentrations (phi=0.0-0.06) on the entropy generation and the flow irreversibility are investigated in details. The predictions present that the Al2O3-H2O nanofluid is more suitable for the optimal design of the hydrothermal systems. Besides, the highest magnitudes of the total entropy generation number in downstream of step are noted for the case of Ha=100 and phi=0.06.

Automated summary

This study investigates the entropy generation rates for three-dimensional forced convection over an inclined step, considering the interaction impacts of solid nanoparticles and magnetic force, with the presence of Brownian movement. The findings suggest that Al2O3-H2O nanofluid is more suitable for the optimal design of hydrothermal systems, and the highest magnitudes of total entropy generation number are noted under specific conditions.