4.6 Article

Adaptive responses to temperature and precipitation variation at the early-life stages of Pinus sylvestris

期刊

NEW PHYTOLOGIST
卷 232, 期 4, 页码 1632-1647

出版社

WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.17678

关键词

adaptive evolution; climate adaptation; ecological distance; intraspecific genetic variation; seed mass; survival-growth trade-off; transfer distance

资金

  1. European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [676876]
  2. FPI-SGIT-INIA
  3. Academy of Finland [287431]
  4. Academy of Finland (AKA) [287431, 287431] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Contrasting temperature regimes play an important role in driving the divergent evolution of Pinus sylvestris populations at early-life stages, with populations showing higher seedling survival and growth at temperatures similar to their home environment. Northern populations experienced lower survival and growth at warmer sites.
Early-stage fitness variation has been seldom evaluated at broad scales in forest tree species, despite the long tradition of studying climate-driven intraspecific genetic variation. In this study, we evaluated the role of climate in driving patterns of population differentiation at early-life stages in Pinus sylvestris and explored the fitness and growth consequences of seed transfer within the species range. We monitored seedling emergence, survival and growth over a 2-yr period in a multi-site common garden experiment which included 18 European populations and spanned 25 degrees in latitude and 1700 m in elevation. Climate-fitness functions showed that populations exhibited higher seedling survival and growth at temperatures similar to their home environment, which is consistent with local adaptation. Northern populations experienced lower survival and growth at warmer sites, contrary to previous studies on later life stages. Seed mass was higher in populations from warmer areas and was positively associated with survival and growth at more southern sites. Finally, we did not detect a survival-growth trade-off; on the contrary, bigger seedlings exhibited higher survival probabilities under most climatic conditions. In conclusion, our results reveal that contrasting temperature regimes have played an important role in driving the divergent evolution of P. sylvestris populations at early-life stages.

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