A lasting symbiosis: how Vibrio fischeri finds a squid partner and persists within its natural host

In this Review, Visick, Stabb and Ruby describe recent advances in understanding the squid-vibrio symbiosis from the symbiont's perspective. As our understanding of the human microbiome progresses, so does the need for natural experimental animal models that promote a mechanistic understanding of beneficial microorganism-host interactions. Years of research into the exclusive symbiosis between the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, and the bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri have permitted a detailed understanding of those bacterial genes underlying signal exchange and rhythmic activities that result in a persistent, beneficial association, as well as glimpses into the evolution of symbiotic competence. Migrating from the ambient seawater to regions deep inside the light-emitting organ of the squid, V. fischeri experiences, recognizes and adjusts to the changing environmental conditions. Here, we review key advances over the past 15 years that are deepening our understanding of these events.

Automated summary

This review discusses recent advances in understanding the squid-vibrio symbiosis from the symbiont's perspective, focusing on the exclusive symbiosis between the Hawaiian bobtail squid and the bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Research into this symbiotic relationship has provided insights into bacterial genes involved in signal exchange and rhythmic activities, shedding light on the evolution of symbiotic competence.