期刊
NATURE
卷 596, 期 7872, 页码 417-+出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03739-1
关键词
-
资金
- Wellcome Trust Senior Fellowship in Clinical Science [WT108082AIA]
- Wellcome Trust
- Wellcome Investigator Award [200871/Z/16/Z]
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/B/000C0427, BBS/E/B/000C0428]
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit (CCTU)
- NIHR BioResource and Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust
- Evelyn Trust [20/75]
- UKRI COVID Immunology Consortium
- UNAM-FESC-PIAPI Program [PIAPI2009]
- CONACyT [829997]
- Sub-Saharan African Network for TB/HIV Research Excellence (SANTHE, a DELTAS Africa Initiative) Fellowship [DEL-15-006]
- Jacquot Research Entry Scholarship from the Royal Australasian College of Physicians Foundation
- Wellcome Trust [200871/Z/16/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
Elderly individuals, especially those above eighty, show lower immune responses and neutralization abilities against variants of concern after the first vaccine dose, but this improves after the second dose. They have higher frequencies of spike-specific memory B cells but reduced somatic hypermutation of class-switched cells. Production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 by SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cells is lower in older participants, predominantly by CD4 T cells.
Although two-dose mRNA vaccination provides excellent protection against SARS-CoV-2, there is little information about vaccine efficacy against variants of concern (VOC) in individuals above eighty years of age(1). Here we analysed immune responses following vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine(2) in elderly participants and younger healthcare workers. Serum neutralization and levels of binding IgG or IgA after the first vaccine dose were lower in older individuals, with a marked drop in participants over eighty years old. Sera from participants above eighty showed lower neutralization potency against the B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta) and P.1. (Gamma) VOC than against the wild-type virus and were more likely to lack any neutralization against VOC following the first dose. However, following the second dose, neutralization against VOC was detectable regardless of age. The frequency of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific memory B cells was higher in elderly responders (whose serum showed neutralization activity) than in non-responders after the first dose. Elderly participants showed a clear reduction in somatic hypermutation of class-switched cells. The production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 by SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cells was lower in older participants, and both cytokines were secreted primarily by CD4 T cells. We conclude that the elderly are a high-risk population and that specific measures to boost vaccine responses in this population are warranted, particularly where variants of concern are circulating.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据