Update on Pulmonary Cryptococcosis

Pulmonary cryptococcosis is a common but underdiagnosed opportunistic fungal infection in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The causal agents include at least eight evolutionary distinct haploid lineages as well as their hybrids of the human pathogenic Cryptococcus complex. In this update, we review recent advances in epidemiology, mode of transmission, risk factors, diagnostic methods, and therapy of pulmonary cryptococcosis. Our review suggests significant challenges and opportunities for research, from bedside to benchside and back to bedside.

Automated summary

Pulmonary cryptococcosis is a common but underdiagnosed opportunistic fungal infection affecting both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The causal agents are diverse and challenging, posing significant challenges and opportunities for research requiring a balance between bedside and benchside approaches.