期刊
MRS BULLETIN
卷 46, 期 9, 页码 822-831出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1557/s43577-021-00173-6
关键词
-
资金
- DOE Office of Science through the National Virtual Biotechnology Laboratory (NVBL)
- Coronavirus CARES Act
- Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office
- Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division of the US Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231]
- US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge in demand for N95 respirators that global supply chains cannot meet. Research has accelerated the development of next-generation filtration media and respirators. The optimization of manufacturing methods and development of novel materials aim to address supply shortages in both the short and long term.
The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a surge in demand for N95 or equivalent respirators that the global supply chain was unable to satisfy. This shortage in critical equipment has inspired research that addresses the immediate problems and has accelerated the development of the next-generation filtration media and respirators. This article provides a brief review of the most recent work with regard to face respirators and filtration media. We discuss filtration efficiency of the widely utilized cloth masks. Next, the sterilization of and reuse of existing N95 respirators to extend the existing stockpile is discussed. To expand near-term supplies, optimization of current manufacturing methods, such as melt-blown processes and electrospinning, has been explored. Future manufacturing methods have been investigated to address long-term supply shortages. Novel materials with antiviral and sterilizable properties with the ability for multiple reuses have been developed and will contribute to the development of the next generation of longer lasting multi-use N95 respirators. Finally, additively manufactured respirators are reviewed, which enable a rapidly deployable source of reusable respirators that can use any filtration fabric. Graphic abstract
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