期刊
MOLECULES
卷 26, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113458
关键词
prodynorphin; epigenetics; transcription; human brain
资金
- Swedish Research Council [K2014-62X12190-19-5, 2019-01771-3]
- Uppsala University
- F. and I. Thuring foundation
- O.F. Hedstrom foundation
- Swedish Research Council [2019-01771] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
Neuropeptides act as important regulators in controlling neural network functions, with their expression tightly restricted and regulated through transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Dynorphins, a type of opioid peptide, play critical roles in neurological disorders and pain processing, with studies on prodynorphin gene providing insights into regulation mechanisms of neuropeptide genes in normal and pathological human brain.
Neuropeptides serve as neurohormones and local paracrine regulators that control neural networks regulating behavior, endocrine system and sensorimotor functions. Their expression is characterized by exceptionally restricted profiles. Circuit-specific and adaptive expression of neuropeptide genes may be defined by transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms controlled by cell type and subtype sequence-specific transcription factors, insulators and silencers. The opioid peptide dynorphins play a critical role in neurological and psychiatric disorders, pain processing and stress, while their mutations cause profound neurodegeneration in the human brain. In this review, we focus on the prodynorphin gene as a model for the in-depth epigenetic and transcriptional analysis of expression of the neuropeptide genes. Prodynorphin studies may provide a framework for analysis of mechanisms relevant for regulation of neuropeptide genes in normal and pathological human brain.
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