期刊
MOLECULAR PLANT
卷 14, 期 9, 页码 1472-1488出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.05.021
关键词
long glume; P1; species differentiation; T. polonicum; VRT-A2
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [32072055, 31991210, 91935304]
The study identifies VRT-A2 as the candidate gene responsible for the long-glume trait in Polish wheat, showing that an intron sequence rearrangement leads to ectopic expression and the long-glume phenotype. The research sheds light on the molecular basis of phenotypic differentiation and species formation in Triticum plants.
Polish wheat (Triticum polonicum) is a unique tetraploid wheat species characterized by an elongated outer glume. The genetic control of the long-glume trait by a single semi-dominant locus, P1 (from Polish wheat), was established more than 100 years ago, but the underlying causal gene and molecular nature remain elusive. Here, we report the isolation of VRT-A2, encoding an SVP-clade MADS-box transcription factor, as the P1 candidate gene. Genetic evidence suggests that in T. polonicum, a naturally occurring sequence rearrangement in the intron-1 region of VRT-A2 leads to ectopic expression of VRT-A2 in floral organs where the long-glume phenotype appears. Interestingly, we found that the intron-1 region is a key ON/OFF molecular switch for VRT-A2 expression, not only because it recruits transcriptional repressors, but also because it confers intron-mediated transcriptional enhancement. Genotypic analyses using wheat accessions indicated that the P1 locus is likely derived from a single natural mutation in tetraploid wheat, which was subsequently inherited by hexaploid T. petropavlovskyi. Taken together, our findings highlight the promoter-proximal intron variation as a molecular basis for phenotypic differentiation, and thus species formation in Triticum plants.
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